CONIFEROUS TREES

• Commonly called evergreens
• gymnosperms
• Examples
  • Pines
  • Spruce
  • Fir
  • Cedars
  • Sequoias
  • Redwoods
  • Yews
• Some date back to 400 million years
• Covers vast areas in NA, CHN, EU, and AUS
• Grow on mountains, sandy soil, and cool moist areas along the northeast and northwest coasts of NA
• Some live >4000 years
• Some grow >100 m tall
• Weighs at least 2 million Kg.

Reproduction

• By growing seeds inside of cones.
• Two types of cones are produced on the same tree:Staminate Cone (male:contains pollen) and Ovulate cone(female cone:catches the pollen and where the seeds grow and mature)
• Pollen from the male cones is transferred to female cones  that contain the ova
• When the seeds are matured the cones open and the seeds are dispersed.

Adaptations

• Leaves are long and thin, often called needles.
• Needles don't remain on conifers forever. A few species lose them every fall.
  
  
  • Needles of other conifer species remain on the plant for 2-14 years.
    
    

Taxonomy

Here are some of conifers

Pine Tree

Kingdom: Plantae
Division: pinophyta
Class: pinopsida
Order:pinales
Family:pinaceae
SubFamily; panicoideae
Genus; pinus

​Fir Tree

Kingdom; plantae Division; pinophyta Class; pinopsida Order; pinales Family; pinaceae Genus; abies

Sequoias Tree

Kingdom; plantae
Division;Pinophyta
Class; Pinopsida
Order; Pinales
Family; cupressaceae
Subfamily; Sequoioideae

• Genus; Sequoia
  
  

Uses:

Why do we need them?

• Timber
  
• Construction
  
• Furniture
  
• Fence posts
  
• Pencils
  
• Plywoods
  
• Paper
  

Sources:

• https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Douglas_fir
• https://www.for.gov.bc.ca/hfd/library/documents/treebook/douglasfir.htm
• https://www.for.gov.bc.ca/hfd/library/documents/treebook/westernredcedar.htm
• https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Thuja_plicata
• https://www.arborday.org/trees/whattree/WhatTree.cfm
• https://tidcf.nrcan.gc.ca/en/trees/identification/conifers
• Ecological succession (article) | Ecology | Khan Academywww.khanacademy.org
  
• onlinelibrary.wiley.com
  
• www.thespruce.com
  
• http://www.ucmp.berkeley.edu/exhibits/biomes/forests.php
  
• education.seattlepi.com
  
• Adaptations
  • Biology textbook
• Reproduction
  • Biology textbook by Miller Levine
• Examples
  • Wikipedia
• Uses
  • http://attemptnwin.com/answers/various-uses-conifers/​​​

Pine Tree

Identification Of Pine Tree 

According to the Tree Book of BC the shape ,needles clearly tells me that is Pine Tree.  This photos was not took in the forest but in neighbor .I am not sure which Pine it is as pine has different species. I am more likely thinking it may be yellow Pine. I have also learned in my research that Pine  Tree is a native conifer of BC. From my observation in Byrne Creek forest I don't think that pine Tree is native to the forest because I haven't  saw a lot of them and the ones I saw mostly was people's yard. Also the way it was planted this  makes me think that it was brought over by someone .  

uses and resources  refer to the main page
           By FH